For the majority of leather artisans, craft is their primary source of income. For some, especially among the communities living in Bhuj and Mundra, leather artisans also weave or work in agriculture to help support their families.

Leather has been used and crafted in India for thousands of years.  Early Indian literature references its importance. In addition to clothing, agriculture, and water storage, leather has also served as a key material in the production of indigenous percussion instruments.

There are two kinds of leather though it can be made from almost any animal, bird or reptile.  Leather made from large animals such as buffalo, cattle, and camels is called hides.  Leather made from small animals like sheep, goats, pigs, and reptiles is called skins.  No matter the animal, leather is flexible, elastic, and fibrous. It has the unique ability to breathe: it exhales perspiration and takes in air but not water.

Eighty five percent of Kachchh’s traditional leather artisans practice the craft that has been their family’s work for generations.  While the traditional techniques remain the same, today’s artisans produce an entirely different product range than their ancestors. Traditional products such as musical instruments and supplies, storage containers, and harnesses for horses and camels are no longer produced.  In addition, because of social stigma and the undesirable nature of the work, artisans no longer tan the leather they use.

Artisans now create leather items to meet contemporary markets including mobile holders, lamp shades, bags and footwear. Malwari men and women have developed a strong capability for design. Though they incorporate the conventional techniques and skills in their work, many of the designs used today are the artisans’ own recent innovations.  Women participate in the craft by value addition work such as embroidery and tying phunkas (tassels); howeverthe actual leatherwork including the cutting and shaping of leather is done by the Malwari men.

Kachchh’s traditional leather artisans practice the craft that has been their family’s work for generations.

For more information about Kachchh craft traditions, livelihoods,challenges and opportunities, read about KHAMIR's impact or hear craft stories from Kachchh artisans.